On a conventional wiring system, you have a main earth direct to the frame, and links to other metal parts, then the supply from the battery/alternator is fed via a fuse board, these wires then run , some via the ignition switch and some direct to the various switches and buttons to operate lamps, horns, starter etc
problem being lots of wire, lots of joints, and resistance building up in odd places
modern motorcycles and cars, have much more power in the ECU ( the brain) and it needs to talk to the ABS control, the ignition control, and general voltage control
so they do this by having essentially one or two live wires running around the bike, and each section of the machine is allocated a little chip, that signals its location and status to the ECU
result much fast signalling
less power loss
and the ability to detect and rectify faults while running
problem is, you go joining stuff in, and the 5v or 1 volt rails that do the electronic chit chat get fried
some one I know, who is an idiot and knows it all, decided to install an alarm on his nearly new BMW RT, in spite of me telling him to send it to a specialist, he blew the main ECU, the voltage Control circuit, the ABS module and the ignition computer, plus all the instruments
the machine was written off
just because he did not want to pay a professional to do the job, I am not sure wether the insurance settled out on that because its classed as self inflicted ?
I am a sparkie by trade, but I come across this sort of technology more and more, interconnecting with it needs the correct components
another point, if your machine is Canbus, you need a different battery charger, as it talks to the brain and is told what to do
people knock this sort of technology, but it is very efficient and works well
most aircraft now flying use this system
saves weight, speeds up decisions and allow faster fault finding
How it works: CAN bus | Institute of The Motor Industry.